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History of Avignon
 The village of Avignon was settled very early on; the rocky outcrop (le Rocher les Doms) at the north end of the town, overlooking the Rhône, may have been the site of a Celtic oppidum or hill fort. Avignon, written as Avennio or Avenio in the ancient texts and inscriptions, takes its name from the Avennius clan. Founded by the Gallic tribe of the Cavares or Cavari, it became the centre of an important Phocaean colony from Massilia (present Marseilles). Under the Romans with the name of Avenio it is cited under Augusto between the cities of the Gallia and was Latin colony under Claudius and it obtained the roman citizenship under Adrian. In the high Middle Ages was advanced the city of the Burgundi. In 1129 become common independent, with government presided from the bishop. Allied of Tolosa it was taken from the king Luigi VIII of France in 1226, to the beginning of the crusade against the Albigesi, and it walls to them were destroyed. It walls reconstructed still were dismantled when in the 1251 city it entered to make part of the dominions of the counts of Anjou. Avignon is known like ancient papal city, to continuation of the choice of Papa Clemente V in 1305 to make of the own center. In total nine papi they governed on the city seat, of which two scismati to us, residing in the so-called "Palace of the Papi". After the departure of Papa the cities it was governed from a papal legacy and therefore from vice-legacies. As enclave foreign in France it benefitted of a remarkable role in field trades them and financial. In 1791, during the French revolution, the city voted for the adhesion to the France, made official in the 1797 from the Treaty of Tolentino. In XIX the century became district of a department to mostly agricultural vocation.To the end of the same century a provenzale cultural rebirth was had that Nobel for the literature culminated with the allocation to Frédéric Mistral of the prize in 1904). The tourist vocation was developed above all after the creation of the festival teatrale in 1948. |